Nter (2015), Toolik LTER (http:dx.doi.org10.6073pasta2f655c865f42136611b2605ae778d275), and Zackenberg (http:www.information.g-e-m.dk)up by Walker et al. (1989) at Toolik Lake and nearby Imnavait Creek. This monitoring was a element with the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX). Guay et al. (2014) analyzed satellite data to determine annual dynamics of normalized-difference vegetation index (NDVI), a measure of plant productivity, which can be also very correlated with aboveground biomass in arctic systems (Boelman et al. 2003; Raynolds et al. 2012). The NDVI data had been derived in the GIMMS-AVHRR instances series, version three g (Pinzon and Tucker 2014), having a 0.07o (8 km) spatial resolution. We analyzed the GIMMS-3 g dataset across the years 1982014 for a 40-km (20 km radius) area surrounding the Toolik Field Station. Seasonal periods of NDVI trends via time were consistent using the seasonal periods applied to assess trends in air temperature (see legend for Fig. 3).Results Climate trends: Arctic, North Slope of Alaska, Toolik, and Zackenberg Over the entire Arctic, the average SAT for the past century improved by TCS 401 supplier approximately 0.09 per decade; sincethe mid 1960s that price has enhanced to 0.4 per decade (ACIA 2005). The North Slope of Alaska has warmed even faster than the rest on the Arctic in the course of the past couple of decades; Shulski and Wendler (2007) report a rise of a lot more than 3 over the past 60 years or 0.five per decade. The coastal town of Barrow, some 310 km northwest with the Toolik site, has warmed substantially (p\0.01) more than the final 60 years with a temperature improve of three.1 or 0.5 per decade (Fig. 2) (Alaska Climate Research Center 2015). In contrast towards the Arctic and North Slope trends, a linear trend evaluation of your Toolik datasets revealed no considerable trend (p[0.05) inside the 25-year record of SAT from 1989 to 2010 (Cherry et al. 2014) or in SAT from 1989 to 2014 (Fig. two). This inability to detect a important trend (p[0.05) for these dates also occurred for the Barrow record for the same brief period (Fig. 2). The lack of important warming can also be apparent in a closer evaluation from the Toolik record for winter, spring, summer season, and fall (Fig. 3). In contrast, the Zackenberg annual air temperatures along with the summer season temperatures (Figs. 2, 3) show a significant (p\0.01) warming. Schmidt et al. (2012) report that more than the 1997008 period, the measured typical summer time temperature improved substantially resulting in an increase of in between 1.8 and two.7 per decade (p\0.01), whileThe Author(s) 2017. This short article is published with open access at Springerlink.com www.kva.seenSAmbio 2017, 46(Suppl. 1):S160Fig. 3 Seasonal implies of Toolik LTER SAT 1988014 for winter (October 1 pril 30), spring (May possibly 1 une 15), summer season (June 16 ugust 15), and fall (August 16 eptember 30). Summer time information also incorporate 1996014 means from Zackenberg (closed squares) from August 16 to September 30. Trend lines are linear regressions; only Zackenberg PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21301389 summer season trends are important (p \ 0.01). Information sources similar as in Fig.precipitation information show no considerable trends for annual averages or for summer season months. To extend the Zackenberg climate database, Hansen et al. (2008) used information from a nearby meteorological station (established in 1958) and from elsewhere in Greenland to make a dataset and calculate a long-term boost in average annual temperature for the period 1901005 of 1.39 (p\0.01) and for 1991005 of two.25 (p\0.01); they mention that these trends are similar to.
